Web Development

JavaScript double exclamation mark explained (with examples)

⤳ What are those double not operators in JavaScript? You might have noticed a double exclamation mark (!!) in JavaScript code and you may be curious what that means. First, “double exclamation mark” (a.k.a the “double bang”) isn’t an operator itself. It’s two logical not (!) operators ...

⌛ 5 min read

How to fix “__dirname is not defined in ES module scope”

⤳ The error “__dirname is not defined in ES module scope” occurs if you refer to the __dirname global variable in an ES (ECMAScript) module. Here’s what the error message looks like: This global variable contains the path to the current module’s directory. The __dirname and ...

⌛ 2 min read

JavaScript isset Equivalent (3 methods)

⤳ If you’re looking for the JavaScript isset equivalent, you’ve probably used it in PHP before and want the same functionality in JavaScript. As you probably know, PHP’s isset() function checks a variable is declared and not null. Although JavaScript doesn’t have an isset equivalent, there are ...

⌛ 6 min read

Integer division in JavaScript explained

⤳ In this guide, you’ll learn how to do integer division in JavaScript. The division operator in JavaScript (/) divides two numbers (dividend and divisor) and returns the quotient as a floating point number (rather than the quotient and the remainder of a division separately). All numbers in ...

⌛ 4 min read

PHP replace space with dash explained with examples

⤳ If you want to “replace space with dash” in PHP, you can do so with the str_replace() function. We usually replace spaces with dashes to generate a URL-friendly slug from a given string, but you might need them for other purposes. The str_replace() function accepts ...

⌛ 3 min read

PHP double question marks (Null coalescing operator) explained

⤳ PHP double question marks (??) – officially known as Null coalescing operator – is a convenient alternative to ternary expressions in conjunction with isset(). You might have seen the following expression in your Laravel or PHP projects: But what do two question marks mean in PHP? ...

⌛ 2 min read